What is ball screw and nut assembly in a CNC machine?

Here is Shuntai’s answer for you:

Ball screw and nut assemblies in CNC machine tools are key components used to transmit rotational motion and convert it into linear motion.

The ball screw is a mechanical transmission device composed of a screw and a ball nut. Its working principle is to engage the threads on the screw with the balls on the ball nut, and drive the ball nut to move axially along the screw during rotation. There are many balls inside the ball nut. These balls roll in the ball groove, which can reduce friction resistance, improve transmission efficiency, and have high rigidity and positioning accuracy. Ball screws are widely used in CNC machine tools, automation equipment, precision machinery and other fields.

The nut is a component used with the ball screw and is usually made of metal material. The nut has internal threads that match the ball threads and mate with the ball screw threads. When the ball screw rotates, the nut moves along the screw axis, achieving linear motion. The design and processing quality of the nut have an important impact on the accuracy and life of the ball screw transmission.

Ball screw and nut assemblies are often used in the feed system and positioning system of CNC machine tools to ensure that the machine tool has high stability, positioning accuracy and fast performance during processing. Their use can improve the processing efficiency and accuracy of machine tools, while reducing friction and wear between moving parts and extending the service life of machine tools.

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