Sand casting is a common metal casting method with the following advantages and disadvantages: advantage: 1. Simple equipment: Compared with other casting methods, sand casting has relatively low equipment requirements and low cost. 2. Wide range of materials: Sand casting can be used for many different types of metals, including iron, aluminum, copper, etc. 3. Manufacturing flexibility: Sand casting can manufacture parts of various shapes and sizes, including simple and complex geometries. 4. Cost-Effectiveness: Sand casting is a cost-effective method for low to medium quantity part production. 5. Scalability: Sand casting can easily adapt to changes in output, increasing or decreasing production quantities according to demand. shortcoming: 1. Limited surface quality: Since some marks and blisters will be left on the surface of the sand mold, the surface quality of sand cast parts is usually rough and requires further processing and treatment. 2. Low dimensional accuracy: Due to the expansion and contraction of the sand mold, the dimensional accuracy of sand casting is usually low, making it difficult to obtain very accurate dimensions. 3. Long production cycle: Compared with some other casting methods, the cycle of making a sand mold and casting is usually longer, and it takes a certain amount of time to prepare and process the sand mold. 4. Limit complexity: Although sand casting can manufacture parts of various shapes, its applicability is limited for parts with very complex geometries or complex internal structures. 5. Environmental impact: A large amount of sand dust and waste sand are generated during the sand casting process, and smoke and waste gas will be generated during metal melting and processing. Appropriate environmental protection measures are required. In summary, sand casting has certain advantages when producing metal parts with simple shapes and medium quantities, but it may not be suitable when high precision, complex shapes or mass production are required.