What is the difference between linear guide and ball screw?
May 10, 2024
Linear guides and ball screws are two types of motion transmission components commonly used in mechanical systems. They have some differences in structure and function.
1. Structural differences:
- Linear guide rail: Linear guide rail system usually consists of guide rail and guide rail slider. The guide rail is a linear guide rail that has high hardness and precision and can provide stable linear motion. The guide rail slider slides on the guide rail to achieve smooth linear motion.
- Ball screw: The ball screw system consists of a screw and a ball nut. The screw is a helical rod-shaped element with threads on its surface. The ball nut is a part that fits on the screw and contains a set of balls inside. As the screw rotates, the balls push the ball nut in linear motion along the screw.
2. Functional differences:
- Linear guide rail: Linear guide rail system has high stiffness, high precision and high repeatability of positioning accuracy, and can provide smooth and accurate linear motion. It is suitable for applications requiring high speed, high precision, high load and long stroke, such as machine tools, automation equipment and CNC systems.
- Ball screw: The ball screw system achieves linear transmission through the motion friction between the balls and the screw. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, high stiffness and high precision, and is suitable for applications requiring high-precision linear motion, such as laser printers, robots, lifting platforms and CNC machine tools.
In general, linear guides are more suitable for linear motion applications that require high stiffness and high precision, while ball screws are suitable for linear transmission applications that require high precision. The choice of transmission method should be determined based on specific application requirements.
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